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失能老人的生活照料是老年学的核心议题之一。本文通过对2011年中国老年健康影响因素追踪调查数据(CLHLS 2011)的统计分析,试图从社会分层的视角讨论中国失能老人群体生活照料获得的基本特征和影响因素。实证分析表明,在其它条件不变的前提下,相对于子女照料,教育程度越高的失能老人,越可能从配偶和社会获取生活照料;而家庭收入水平对获得配偶和社会照料却缺乏显著影响。同时,以上社会地位效应在不同维度的生活照料上并未显现出差异。本研究认为,在中国老年人口教育水平不断提升的基本趋势下,构建合理有效的失能老人照护体系亟待增强。
One of the core issues of gerontology is the care of disabled elderly people. Based on the statistical analysis of CLHLS 2011 in China, this article attempts to discuss the basic characteristics and influential factors of life care acquisition for the elderly Chinese disability from the perspective of social stratification. Empirical analysis shows that, under other conditions remain unchanged, the elderly with disabilities who are more educated than their children are more likely to receive life care from their spouses and the community, while the family income level is less significant for spouses and social care influences. At the same time, the above social status effects did not show any difference in life care in different dimensions. This study argues that it is urgent to build a reasonable and effective system of care for the elderly with disabilities under the basic trend of rising education among the elderly population in China.