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问候语是一种社会交际的言语行为。它是全球性的,用于所有文化和社会群体间。我们每天在与别人交流时都要用到问候语;然而,在不同文化,不同语言或是不同社交场合中问候语有其各自的使用习惯或规则。本文首先从不同角度介绍并分析了现有的有关问候语的理论,比如从言语行为理论角度,从会话分析理论角度,从礼貌理论角度以及从跨文化角度的思考;其次是方法论,做了一份问卷调查来对比中国文化和西班牙文化背景下问候语的用法,其中用了距离,地位等参数;最后根据对西班牙和中国的受访者的调查结果进行分析,得出结论。
Greeting is a verbal act of social communication. It is global and used by all cultures and social groups. We use greetings every day in our conversations with others; however, greetings have their own habits or rules in different cultures, languages or social settings. This paper first introduces and analyzes the existing theories about greetings from different perspectives, such as from the perspective of speech act theory, from the perspective of conversation analysis, from the perspective of politeness theory and from a cross-cultural perspective; secondly, A questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the usage of greetings in Chinese culture and Spanish culture, using parameters such as distance and status. Finally, based on the survey results of respondents from Spain and China, conclusions were drawn.