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采用动态激光光散射及环境扫描电镜研究了羧甲基纤维素系列高分子表面活性剂与大庆原油形成超低界面张力的机理 .结果表明 ,CMC系列高分子表面活性剂具有与低分子量表面活性剂相比拟的表 /界面活性 ,其水溶液的表面张力可达 2 835mN/m ,界面张力达到 10 -110mN/m .碱的加入可显著降低高分子表面活性剂与原油的界面张力 ,在适当条件下界面张力达到超低值 (10 -3 mN/m ) ,可望作为三次采油的驱油剂 .等效烷烃模型研究表明 ,用碱与原油酸性组分的作用来解释碱能使界面张力下降至超低值的传统观点是不完善的 ,加入碱能使高分子表面活性剂胶束解缔 ,胶束数量增多 ,胶束粒径减小 ,单分子自由链增加 ,有利于高分子表面活性剂向界面迁移和排布 ,这是高分子表面活性剂和碱复配体系与原油界面张力下降至超低值的主要原因 .
The mechanism of the formation of ultra-low interfacial tension between carboxymethylcellulose polymer and Daqing crude oil was studied by dynamic laser light scattering and environmental scanning electron microscopy.The results show that the CMC series polymer surfactant has the same properties as low molecular weight surfactant The surface tension of aqueous solution can reach 2 835 mN / m and the interfacial tension can reach 10 -110 mN / m compared with that of the surface-active agent.The addition of alkali can significantly reduce the interfacial tension of the polymer surfactant and crude oil, and under appropriate conditions The interfacial tension reached the ultra low value (10 -3 mN / m), which is expected to be used as the third oil recovery displacer.Research on the equivalent alkane model shows that the use of alkali and crude oil acidic components to explain the alkali can make the interfacial tension drop to The traditional viewpoint of ultra-low value is imperfect. Adding alkali can make the micelle of polymer surfactant to be de-banded, the number of micelles increases, the particle size of micelles decreases, and the free chain of single molecule increases, which is good for the development of high molecular surfactant To the interface migration and arrangement, which is the main reason for the interfacial tension between the polymer surfactant and the alkali complex system and the crude oil to drop to ultra-low values.