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目的:观察国人胚胎三叉神经节细胞分化及发育过程。方法:取水囊引产18-36周国人胎儿三叉神经节,HE染色及透射电镜观察。结果:18-20周胎儿三叉神经节神经元排列紧密,胞质少,可见到数量不多的线粒体,且其内几乎看不到嵴,其它细胞器少。25周时,线粒体嵴变长,粗面内质网雏形出现,有纵形小管出现;27周时可观察到成熟的高尔基复合体,32周后,线粒体、粗面内质网等细胞器发育趋于成熟。到33周电镜下可见溶酶体;36周时细胞内各种细胞器结构和功能基本完善。结论:人胚胎三叉神经节细胞发育过程中随胎龄增加,其结构和功能逐步完善,32～36周(8～9月)是细胞的分化发育重要时期。
Objective: To observe the differentiation and development of human trigeminal ganglion cells in Chinese. Methods: Fetal trigeminal ganglion from fetus of 18-36 weeks was induced by water bag and observed with HE staining and transmission electron microscopy. Results: The neurons in the trigeminal ganglion of 18-20 weeks fetuses were arranged closely, with few cytoplasm, few mitochondria could be seen, almost no crest was found, and other organelles were few. After 25 weeks, mitochondria became longer, and the appearance of rough endoplasmic reticulum appeared, and the longitudinal tubules appeared. At 27 weeks, mature Golgi complex was observed. After 32 weeks, the development of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles At maturity. At 33 weeks, lysosomes could be seen under the electron microscope. The structure and function of various organelles in the cells were basically improved after 36 weeks. CONCLUSION: The structure and function of trigeminal ganglion cells in human embryos are gradually improved with gestational age during their development. 32-36 weeks (August-September) are important periods for cell differentiation and development.