一、引言受因斯坦曾经说过:“科学家的目的是要得到关于自然界的一个逻辑上前后一贯的摹写,逻辑之对于他,有如比例和透视规律之对于画家一样。”实际上,在自然科学中,常用到比较、分类、类比、归纳和演绎、分析和综合等一些基本的思维形式和思维方法,它们是构成创造性思维的基本要素,而在自然学科中渗透一些逻辑方法的教学,使学生形成正确的思维方法,在学习过程中主动参与学习,培养他们解决问题的能力,从而引导学生进入研究性学习,通过现 I. INTRODUCTION: Rebine once said: “The purpose of a scientist is to get a logical and consistent transcription of the natural world. The logic for him is like the proportion and perspective of the painter.” Actually, In natural sciences, basic thinking forms and thinking methods such as comparison, classification, analogy, induction and deduction, analysis, and synthesis are often used. They are the basic elements of creative thinking, and they infiltrate the teaching of logical methods in the natural sciences. Make students form the correct way of thinking, actively participate in learning during the learning process, develop their ability to solve problems, so as to guide students into research-based learning.