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一、前言六十年代以前,锗一直是作为重要的半导体材料而被大量使用的。以后由于硅材料的崛起,致使锗在半导体领域的用量一落千丈。然而由于其在红外、光纤、催化剂、医药食品等领域的开发应用,锗仍然保持着一定的消耗量。由于受到资源等条件的限制,随着上述应用领域的进一步发展,锗的供应会日趋紧张,原料价格还将继续上升。长年来美国和日本一直把锗作为战略物资储备。因此如何进一步开发我国锗的应用和合理利用我国丰富的锗资源,是我国有关工作者的重要任务。
I. Prefaces Six decades ago, germanium has been widely used as an important semiconductor material. After the rise of silicon materials, resulting in the use of germanium in the field of semiconductor plummeted. However, due to its development and application in the fields of infrared, optical fiber, catalyst, medical food and the like, germanium still maintains a certain amount of consumption. Due to resource constraints and other conditions, with the further development of the above application areas, the supply of germanium will be increasingly tense, raw material prices will continue to rise. For many years, the United States and Japan have kept germanium as a strategic material reserve. Therefore, how to further develop the application of germanium and make rational use of the abundant germanium resources in our country is an important task for our country’s workers.