抗战时期,蒋介石凭借战时体制赋予的特别命令权,将战前的手令习惯推而广之,直接以手令指挥党政军一切事务。作为行使最高权力的手段,蒋对手令的承办与执行予以种种严厉的规定,形成手令制度。此一制度是建基于其个人权威的一种工作触发机制、协调机制与监督机制,能够在一定程度上弥补体制运行之不足,体现了蒋介石的政治理念与行事风格。但由于蒋缺乏必要的节制,导致手令过多过滥,冲淡了自身的神圣性与重要性,影响了自身的效率;手令的制度化与合法存在,势必影响国民党政权的“正规”组织建设与制度建设,由此产生了深层次的负面影响。 During the war of resistance against Japan, Chiang Kai-shek, by virtue of the special command right conferred by the war-time system, pushed forward the prewar warband habit and directly commanded all party, government and military affairs. As a means of exercising the supreme power, Chiang undertook various draconian provisions on the undertaking and execution of the warrant to form a warrant system. This system is based on its own authority of a trigger mechanism, coordination mechanism and supervision mechanism, to a certain extent, make up for the lack of institutional operation, reflects Chiang Kai-shek’s political philosophy and acting style. However, the lack of necessary restraint in Chiang led to an excessive number of warrants, thus diluting his sacredness and importance and affecting his own efficiency. The institutionalization and legal existence of warrants would inevitably affect the “regular” organizations of the KMT regime Construction and system construction, which has had a profound negative impact.