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目的探讨小学生焦虑抑郁障碍共病情况。方法采用儿童焦虑障碍筛查量表(SCRED)对宁夏某小学1000名(其中汉族736名,回族264名)8~14岁小学生进行筛查,对筛查出的焦虑障碍儿童进行抑郁障碍诊断,对焦虑与抑郁障碍共病儿童实施相关量表及问卷测量。结果筛查出焦虑障碍儿童126名,不符合条件或不能进一步参与研究6名,120名儿童接受抑郁障碍的诊断、抑郁自评量表问卷测量,焦虑与抑郁共存儿童14名为共病组,无抑郁障碍的焦虑儿童106名为焦虑组,焦虑障碍儿童中抑郁障碍的发生率为11.7%(14/120)。在焦虑组中随机抽取88名填写了家庭功能评定量表,焦虑组无效问卷6份,有效问卷82份;共病组全部填写抑郁自评量表及家庭功能评定量表。共病组和焦虑组焦虑评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),共病组抑郁评分高于焦虑组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。共病组角色评分明显高于焦虑组,2组其他评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论儿童焦虑和抑郁常同时存在或先后出现,共病率较高。
Objective To explore the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorder in primary school students. Methods A total of 1000 primary school students (736 Han and 264 Hui nationality) aged from 8 to 14 years were screened by SCRED in Ningxia primary school. Depression disorders were diagnosed in children with anxiety disorder. The anxiety and depression co-morbid children related scale and questionnaire measurement. Results A total of 126 children with anxiety disorders were screened, 6 were not eligible or could not be further involved in the study, 120 children were diagnosed with depression, self-rating depressive scale questionnaire, 14 co-children with anxiety and depression were comorbid, The 106 anxiety-free children without depressive disorder were anxious, and the incidence of depressive disorders in children with anxiety was 11.7% (14/120). In the anxiety group, 88 families were randomly selected to fill in the family function assessment scale, 6 questionnaires of invalid anxiety group and 82 valid questionnaires. The comorbidity group filled in the depression self-rating scale and the family function assessment scale. There was no significant difference in anxiety scores between comorbidity group and anxiety group (P> 0.05). The depression score of comorbidity group was higher than that of anxiety group (P <0.05). The score of comorbidity group was significantly higher than that of anxiety group. There was no significant difference between the other two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions Children often have anxiety and depression either at birth or one after another, with a high comorbidity rate.