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妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)是在妊娠期间发生或首次发现的糖代谢异常,属于糖尿病的一个独立类型,对GDM的形成和发展机理尚未完全明确。本研究试图探讨GDM与胎盘PPARγ水平的关系,以及对新生儿体脂的影响,以进一步阐明GDM的形成机理。我们选取常规产检的孕妇292例并将其分为两组,GDM孕妇86例(GDM组),正常孕妇206例(对照组)。本研究测量了两组新生儿体格特征,采用RT-PCR、Western blotting、凝胶电泳法分别检测胎盘PPAR、FATP-3和CD36蛋白。研究表明,GDM组新生儿总脂肪质量和体脂含量分别为(0.67±0.21)kg和(18.50±3.28)%,明显高于对照组新生儿(p<0.05);GDM组胎盘PPAR m RNA及蛋白相对表达量分别为(0.433±0.098)和(0.892±0.112),明显低于对照组胎盘(p<0.05);GDM组胎盘FATP-3蛋白相对表达量为(0.563±0.080),明显低于对照组胎盘(p<0.05);胎盘PPAR m RNA及蛋白相对表达量与新生儿体脂含量呈负相关(r=-0.573和-0.691,p<0.05),与胎盘FATP-3蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.463,p<0.05)。初步认为,GDM产妇胎盘PPAR表达水平降低,其与脂肪酸转运蛋白FATP-3有一定关联,这可能导致新生儿体脂含量升高,值得进一步研究。
Gestational diabetes mellitus (gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM) occurs during pregnancy or first discovered abnormal glucose metabolism, is an independent type of diabetes, the formation and development of GDM mechanism is not yet fully understood. This study attempted to investigate the relationship between GDM and placental PPARγ levels and the impact on neonatal body fat to further elucidate the mechanism of GDM formation. We selected 292 pregnant women who were routinely diagnosed and divided them into two groups: 86 GDM pregnant women (GDM group) and 206 normal pregnant women (control group). This study measured the physical characteristics of two groups of neonates. The placental PPAR, FATP-3 and CD36 proteins were detected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and gel electrophoresis respectively. The results showed that the total fat mass and body fat content in neonates with GDM were (0.67 ± 0.21) kg and (18.50 ± 3.28)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (p <0.05) (0.433 ± 0.098) and (0.892 ± 0.112) respectively, which was significantly lower than that of control group (p <0.05). The relative expression of FATP-3 protein in placenta of GDM group was (0.563 ± 0.080), which was significantly lower than that of control group The placental PPAR m RNA and protein relative expression levels were negatively correlated with the body fat content in neonates (r = -0.573 and -0.691, p <0.05), and positively correlated with the expression of placental FATP-3 (r = 0.463, p <0.05). It is preliminarily believed that the placenta PPAR expression level of GDM is reduced, which is related to the fatty acid transporter FATP-3, which may lead to the increase of body fat content in neonates, which deserves further study.