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前言发电机转子上用以支持热装线圈端部的护环是发电机中承受最高应力的另件。此外为了在护环上分布相同的应力,护环各部分必须是均质的。另外,为了防止大型发电机由于涡流降低发电效率,护环要用无磁性钢制造。因而,各部分同样高的强度和无磁性是护环要求的两个特性。为了同时满足这两个特性,奥氏体钢护环材料要用均匀冷加工方法使其加工硬化,或是借助热处理使其析出硬化。大型发电机上大多使用韧性良好的冷加工式护环,可是由于需要特殊的加工,一般认为它是要求最高加工技术的锻钢件。
Foreword The grommet on the rotor of a generator to support the ends of a thermocouple coil is the other part of the generator that receives the highest stresses. In addition, to distribute the same stress on the grommet, the grommet sections must be homogeneous. In addition, in order to prevent large generators due to eddy current to reduce power generation efficiency, retaining ring should be made of non-magnetic steel. Thus, the same high strength and non-magnetic properties of each part are two characteristics required by the grommet. In order to satisfy these two characteristics at the same time, the austenitic steel retaining ring material should be hardened by the uniform cold working method or be hardened by heat treatment. Most large generators use a tough, cold-working grommet, but because of the need for special machining, it is generally considered to be the highest forging technology.