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国际学生评价项目PISA2015第一次大规模采用机考模式,并对科学素养的测评首次采取了基于计算机模拟实验的交互式试题。通过分析PISA2015公开试题,探讨计算机交互式试题的问题情境、模拟实验系统、交互式任务以及评分方式等测评方面的特点,并对国内中学理科实验考试提出计算机模拟化、命题情境化、注重对科学本质的评价以及关注思维过程等建议,以提高我国基础教育测评的质量和效率。
For the first time, PISA2015, an international student evaluation project, adopts a computer-based test mode and takes an interactive test based on computer simulation experiments for the first time. Through the analysis of PISA2015 public examination questions, this paper discusses the problem situations, simulation experiment system, interactive tasks and scoring methods of computer interactive test questions, and puts forward computer simulation and proposition contextualization of science experiment in domestic high schools. The nature of evaluation and attention to thinking process and other recommendations to improve the quality and efficiency of China’s basic education evaluation.