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应用光学显微镜对河北省常见的28种伴人植物花粉形态进行了观察和研究。结果表明:花粉粒呈球形(近球形)的花粉22种、长球形5种、扁球形1种;P/E值最大的花粉为紫花地丁(Viola yedoensis Makino)1.59,最小的为苦菜[Ixeris chinensis(Thunb.)Nakai]0.84;最大的花粉为田旋花(Convolvulus arvensis L.),最小的为黄鹌菜[Youngia japonica(L.)DC.Prodr.];花粉的萌发孔主要有单孔、散孔、3—4孔、3沟、3孔沟、3—4孔沟和5—7沟等7种类型;其外壁纹饰主要包括网状、瘤状、具刺和颗粒状等4种类型。该研究为地层中伴人植物花粉的鉴定提供了标准图谱和相关信息,为了解古人类的活动、研究古代伴人植物生态学以及人类活动对环境的影响提供了现代孢粉学依据。
Pollen morphology of 28 species plants in Hebei Province was observed and studied by light microscope. The results showed that pollen grains were spherical (nearly spherical) with 22 species of pollen, 5 species of spheroids and 1 species of spheroids. The pollen with the highest P / E value was Viola yedoensis Makino 1.59 and the smallest was Bitter mustard [ Ixeris chinensis (Thunb.) Nakai] 0.84; the largest pollen was Convolvulus arvensis L. and the smallest was Youngia japonica (L.) DC.Prodr. 4 holes, 3 holes, 3 holes, 3-4 holes and 5-7 grooves. The outer wall ornamentation mainly includes reticular, nodular, spiked and granular 4 Kind of type The study provides a standard map and related information for the identification of human plant pollens in the strata and provides a modern palynological basis for understanding ancient human activities, studying ancient plant ecology and the environmental impact of human activities.