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在中国现代思想史上,文化保守主义作为与马克思主义、自由主义西化派鼎足而立的三大思潮之一,通过对自身文化(主要是儒家文化)的认同寻求中华民族的精神家园,并被誉为21世纪中国人中最具普遍性、最富生命力的思潮之一。在文化保守主义的浪潮中,产生于20世纪20年代的现代新儒家表现得尤为突出,“四代六群”的儒学家们秉持着现代新儒学的基本课题——回应现代,重建儒学,坚持儒家文化的本位性和中国文化的主位性,坚守文化保守主义的阵地。在这其中,“现代新儒家第一人”梁漱溟从思想和行动上践行了文化保守主义,自称“是一个有思想,又且本着他的思想而行动的人”。本文着力探讨梁漱溟作为一个知行合一的文化保守主义者如何践行这一思潮。
In the history of modern Chinese thought, cultural conservatism, as one of the three major trends of thought that stand firm with Marxism and liberalism, sought the spiritual homeland of the Chinese nation through the identification of one’s own culture (mainly Confucian culture) One of the most universal and most viable currents of thought in the 21st century in China. In the tide of cultural conservatism, the modern Neo-Confucianism, which emerged in the 1920s, is particularly outstanding. The Confucianists in “Four Generations and Six Clusters” uphold the basic topics of modern Neo-Confucianism - responding to the modern and rebuilding Confucianism , Adhere to the Confucian culture of the nature and the dominant position of Chinese culture, adhere to the position of cultural conservatism. Among them, “the first person of modern Neo-Confucianism” Liang Shuming practiced cultural conservatism from his thoughts and actions and claimed to be “a person who has ideas and acts in his thoughts.” This article focuses on how Liang Shuming practiced this trend of thought as a cultural conservative with unity of knowledge and practice.