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目的了解2008年1～5月乌鲁木齐市麻疹疫情爆发流行的原因,探讨控制策略。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清麻疹IgM抗体,对麻疹阳性病例共分5个年龄组进行统计学分析。结果这次疫情共送检麻疹疑似病例3513例,实验室确诊麻疹病例1481例,阳性率为42.16%,其中男性813例,女性668例,男女性别比为1.22∶1,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=13.25,P<0.005);从年龄组分布来看,发病主要集中在0～8月龄组,阳性率为56.97%。其次是9月～8岁和29岁～的成人组也占有相当大的比例,分别为50.97%和50.69%;9～18岁组阳性率最低为22.75%。0～8月龄组和9～18岁组麻疹发病率的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=170.78,P<0.005)。结论麻疹病例逐渐向未到免疫年龄人群和成人转移,给当前麻疹防治工作提出了新的挑战。另外,掌握麻疹的采血时间,才能更好的提高麻疹的检出率。
Objective To understand the epidemic reasons of measles outbreak in Urumqi from January to May in 2008 and discuss the control strategy. Methods Serum measles IgM antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the positive cases of measles were divided into 5 age groups for statistical analysis. Results A total of 3513 suspected cases of measles were detected in the outbreak. A total of 1481 measles cases were confirmed in the laboratory, with a positive rate of 42.16%. There were 813 males and 668 females with a sex ratio of 1.22:1. The difference between the two groups (Χ2 = 13.25, P <0.005). According to the distribution of age group, the incidence was mainly in 0-8 months group, the positive rate was 56.97%. Followed by the September ~ 8 years old and 29 years old ~ also occupy a considerable proportion of adult groups, were 50.97% and 50.69%; 9-18-year-old group the lowest positive rate was 22.75%. The incidence of measles in 0-8 months group and 9-18 years group was statistically significant (χ2 = 170.78, P <0.005). Conclusions The measles cases gradually migrated to the non-immunization age population and adults, posing new challenges to the current measles prevention and control work. In addition, grasp the blood sampling time of measles, in order to better improve the detection rate of measles.