论文部分内容阅读
目的 为了寻找导致本次流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）暴发的因素,以防止类似暴发疫情提供科学依据。方法按疫情暴发调查方法,对病例进行个案调查和疫区处理,并采用ELISA和间接免疫荧光血清学方法检测所采集的患者、疫区生猪静脉血以及对患者粪便标本进行肠道病毒分离。结果 本次暴发疫情呈高度散发,年龄集中在10岁以下儿童,共有19例病例,2例死亡,病死率为10.53％。临床以轻型与普通型为主,表现为发热、头痛、呕吐等主要症状。实验室检测9份病例血清标本,间接免疫荧光法乙脑IgG抗体均阴性,IgM8例阳性,其中有6例用ELISA法检测乙脑IgM抗体阳性,双阳性符合率达到75％。2例生猪血标本未检出乙脑抗体,粪便培养不出肠道病毒。结论 儿童乙脑疫苗基础免疫空白是导致本次乙脑疫情暴发的主要原因。
Objective To find out the factors leading to the outbreak of Japanese encephalitis (JE) so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing similar outbreaks. Methods According to the method of epidemic outbreak investigation, the cases were investigated and the epidemic area was treated. ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence serological method were used to detect the collected patients, the blood of pigs in the epidemic area and the intestinal virus isolation of the stool samples. Results The outbreak was highly distributed. The children aged below 10 were concentrated in the outbreak. A total of 19 cases were reported, with 2 deaths and a case fatality rate of 10.53%. Clinical light and ordinary type-based, manifested as fever, headache, vomiting and other major symptoms. Serum samples from 9 cases were detected in the laboratory. Indirect immunofluorescence was negative for IgE and IgM8 were positive. Six cases were positive for IgM IgA by ELISA, and the coincidence rate of double positive was 75%. 2 cases of pig blood samples did not detect JE antibodies, intestinal faeces can not be cultured. Conclusions The basic immune blank of JE vaccine in children is the main reason leading to the outbreak of JE.