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目的调查母乳喂养、补充Vit D对农村毛细支气管炎患儿发生支气管哮喘的影响。方法本研究选取2005年1月至2008年5月沧州地区农村毛细支气管炎患儿575例,于2011年5月至2013年10月,对患儿出生1岁内喂养方式、Vit D补充情况、5 a后哮喘发生情况进行调查,完成调查300例,分为哮喘组、非哮喘组,采用SPSS16.0统计软件,进行数据分析。结果母乳喂养222例(喂养时间均大于6个月),混合喂养42例,配方奶粉喂养36例,哮喘发生率分别为22.52%、35.71%、38.89%,x2=6.493,P=0.039,P<0.05差异有统计学意义。Vit D补充组229例,在1岁以内每日补充Vit D3500 IU,累计补充小于3个月者126例,发生哮喘36例;补充3~6月者82例,发生哮喘12例;补充6个月以上21例,发生哮喘3例,组内比较,x2=6.425,P=0.04。未补充组71例,补充组与未补充组哮喘发生率分别为22.27%、39.44%,两组比较2=8.232,P=0.004,差异有统计学意义。结论出生1岁内母乳喂养、Vit D,可有效预防农村毛细支气管炎患儿哮喘的发生。
Objective To investigate the effect of Vit D supplementation on bronchial asthma in children with rural bronchiolitis. Methods From January 2005 to May 2008, 575 children with rural bronchiolitis in Cangzhou were selected from May to October 2013. The feeding pattern, Vit D supplement, After 5 years, the incidence of asthma was investigated and 300 cases were completed, divided into asthma group and non-asthma group, and SPSS16.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. Results Breastfeeding 222 cases (feeding time were greater than 6 months), mixed feeding 42 cases, formula feeding 36 cases, the incidence of asthma were 22.52%, 35.71%, 38.89%, x2 = 6.493, P = 0.039, P < 0.05 difference was statistically significant. Vit D supplementation group of 229 patients, within 1 year of daily vitamin D3500 IU, cumulative supplement less than 3 months in 126 cases, asthma occurred in 36 cases; 3 to 6 months in 82 cases, 12 cases of asthma; supplemented with 6 21 cases over the month, the occurrence of asthma in 3 cases, intra-group comparison, x2 = 6.425, P = 0.04. There were 71 cases in non-supplement group and 22.27% and 39.44% in supplement group and non-supplement group, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (2 = 8.232, P = 0.004). Conclusion Breastfeeding at the age of 1 year old, Vit D, can effectively prevent the occurrence of asthma in children with rural bronchiolitis.