直到大约十年以前,人们为弄清中国现代文学的形成过程,主要是研究政治的和社的形势以及西方文学对中国的影响。外来因素无疑是有的,但内在因素对于新文学的形成则是必不可少的:即本国文学传统的发展与新的文学语言的发展。严格地说,中国现代文学的发展——特别是在开始时期——有两个现象明显占有优势:即白话文与小说。这种情况与以前情况形成鲜明对照。以前文言,即古典书面语,是至高无上的最具威望的文学语言,而且诗 Until about ten years ago, people came to understand the process of forming modern Chinese literature, mainly studying the political and social situation and the influence of Western literature on China. Extrinsic factors are undoubtedly some, but internal factors are essential to the formation of new literature: the development of national literary tradition and the development of new literary languages. Strictly speaking, the development of Chinese modern literature - especially at the beginning of the period - obviously has two major advantages: the vernacular and the novel. This situation stands in stark contrast to the previous situation. The former classical Chinese, the classical written language, is the supreme and most prestigious literary language, and poetry