近几年来,在我国经济体制改革的过程中,经济增长和市场格局发生了重大变化,城市居民未来支出的不确定性因素明显增加。原来由政府提供的就业、住房、医疗、养老、子女教育等保障相继转变为由城市居民自己承担部分或全部费用。在预期支出增加的情况下,消费心理发生了变化,呈现出即期消费乏力,消费倾向下降。随着各项改革的逐步到 In recent years, during the process of China’s economic reform, there have been major changes in economic growth and market structure. Uncertainties in the future expenditure of urban residents have increased markedly. The original guarantees provided by the government such as employment, housing, medical care, old-age pension and children’s education have all been converted into partial or full costs borne by urban residents themselves. In the case of the expected increase in spending, consumer psychology has changed, showing the immediate weakness in consumption, spending declines. With the gradual implementation of various reforms