一、前言铝重量轻,美观,并且具有适当的强度,因此可广泛应用在家具,铝箔容器等日用品和船舶、车辆、土木建筑、化学工业、原子能工业以及宇宙航空工业等许多方面。然而,最近在这些使用范围内锻造材料的利用主要在宇宙航空工业,原子能工业及船舶工业上有很大进展。锻造制品多数被用来作飞机框架和船舶的发动机等以及工业上重要部分的构件。虽然对质量要求较高,但是对一般锻造制品的认识水平还不一定是高的, I. INTRODUCTION Aluminum is light weight, beautiful and has the appropriate strength so it can be used in a wide range of applications such as furniture, aluminum foil containers and other commodities as well as ships, vehicles, civil engineering, chemical industry, atomic energy industry and aerospace industry. However, the recent utilization of forging materials in these areas of use has largely progressed in the aerospace, nuclear and marine industries. Forged products are mostly used to make aircraft frames and ship engines, etc., as well as industrial components of the important components. Although the quality requirements are high, but the level of awareness of the general forging products is not necessarily high,