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目的探讨德令哈市1995-2014年鼠疫流行势态,为制定预防控制对策提供依据。方法应用Excel软件分析1995-2014年青海省地方病预防控制所人间鼠疫病例数据库、鼠疫监测和鼠疫疫源地调查资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 1995-2014年德令哈市从各种染疫动物及媒介昆虫体内分离鼠疫菌50株,以喜马拉雅旱獭为主,占36.0%(18/50);其次为斧形盖蚤,占30.0%(15/50)。1996年从藏系绵羊体内分离到1株鼠疫菌。动物鼠疫的流行季节为每年的6~9月,高峰期为9月。20年间人间鼠疫疫情除1995年发生一起传入性人间鼠疫外,其余年份均未发生人间鼠疫。结论虽然德令哈市鼠疫疫情看似平稳,但仍处于活跃势态,鼠疫疫情仍然严峻,防治工作不容忽视。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of plague in Durham from 1995 to 2014 and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The Excel software was used to analyze the database of human plague cases, plague surveillance and plague origin in Qinghai Province from 1995 to 2014, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the results. Results In 1995-2014, 50 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated from various infected and vector insects in Delingha city, accounting for 36.0% (18/50) of the total Himalayan marmot, followed by the hatching flea (30.0%) 15/50). In 1996, a strain of Y. pestis was isolated from Tibetan sheep. The epidemic season of animal plague is from June to September every year, and the peak is September. In 20 years human plague epidemic occurred in 1995 with an imported human plague, the rest of the year no human plague occurred. Conclusions Although plague outbreak in Delingha appears to be stable, it is still in an active state. Plague outbreaks are still severe and prevention and control work should not be ignored.