微量元素与人体健康密切有关。近些年国外已开始研究羊水中微量元素与胎儿营养、代谢、发育及某些先天性遗传性疾病的关系。已发现低Zn时胎儿可发生许多疾病和综合征,造成组织和粘膜缺损(如室间隔缺损、主动脉狭窄、隐睾、尿道下裂以及多发性畸形)、高畸变率、脑膨出、脑积水、无脑、低体重儿以及流产、死胎。低Zn又是羊水感染综合征(绿羊水)的一项指标,其测定对羊水感染具有早期诊断价值,为胎儿治疗提供了新的可能。Cu代谢异常或孕妇饮食中低Cu同样会影响胎儿的正常生长发育,造成胎盘机能不全、胎儿畸形,也是产前诊断某些胎儿先天性发育异常的指标之一。Wilson氏病(一种先 Trace elements and human health are closely related. In recent years, foreign countries have begun to study the relationship between trace elements in amniotic fluid and fetal nutrition, metabolism, development and some congenital hereditary diseases. Many diseases and syndromes have been found in the fetus with low Zn, resulting in tissue and mucosal defects such as ventricular septal defect, aortic stenosis, cryptorchidism, hypospadias and multiple deformities, high aberrations, encephalocele, brain Water, no brain, low birth weight children and miscarriage, stillbirth. Low Zn is an indicator of amniotic fluid infection syndrome (amniotic fluid), its determination of amniotic fluid infection has an early diagnostic value, providing a new possibility for fetal treatment. Cu metabolic abnormalities or low Cu in pregnant women diet will also affect the normal growth and development of the fetus, resulting in placental insufficiency, fetal malformations, but also one of the indicators of prenatal diagnosis of some fetal congenital dysplasia. Wilson’s disease (a first