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德墨忒尔是古希腊神话中的地母神。古雅典人为祭祀这位女神举办了地母节、埃琉西斯秘仪等诸多节日。这些节日活动都围绕着德墨忒尔女神寻找爱女的核心神话展开,同时承载多重社会功能:既包括核心神话所凸显的祈求农业丰产、祈福来世的基本功能,也包括随着雅典城邦兴起而延伸出的一系列与共同体发展相关的功能。这些社会功能表现了地母神祭祀节日在雅典社会生活中的重要地位,也体现了宗教崇拜与雅典城邦政治之间的密切关系。
Demeter is the goddess of ancient Greek mythology. Ancient Athenians for the goddess of sacrifice to host the festival, Eulizasi mystery and many other festivals. These festivals revolve around the core mythology of the goddess Demetrius in search of a loved one. They also carry multiple social functions. They include not only the basic functions of pray for rich agriculture and blessing of the afterlife that are highlighted by the core mythology, but also the rise of the city state of Athens Extending a series of community development related functions. These social functions show the important position of the goddess sacrificial festival in the social life of Athens and the close relationship between religious worship and Athens city-state politics.