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目的 探讨飞行人员失眠症者评估睡眠的心理特征及与心理防御机制相关的因素。方法 应用脑电图对27例失眠症飞行人员进行整夜睡眠描记,次日清晨询问夜间睡眠状况;采用心理防御方式问卷、SCI-90症状自评量表和社会支持量表进行调查,同期与27例健康飞行人员作对照分析。结果 与对照组比较,失眠组睡眠潜伏期长,睡眠时间减少,睡眠效率低(P<0.01)。主观评估睡眠潜伏期、总睡眠时间和效率与脑电图记录结果比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。失眠症患者的心理防御方式(中间型和不成熟型防御因子分高,掩饰因子分较低)、社会支持(各因子均低于对照组)等方面与对照组有明显差异。 结论 失眠症组睡眠质量低于正常飞行人员,有过高估价睡眠潜伏期和过低估价睡眠时间的倾向,心理防御方式也存在着缺陷。
Objective To investigate the psychological characteristics of sleep-deprivation in pilots and the factors related to psychological defense mechanism. Methods 27 patients with insomnia were studied by using electroencephalography (EEG). The subjects were asked to sleep at night on the morning of the following day. Psychological defense questionnaire, SCI-90 Symptom Checklist 90 (SCI-90) and Social Support Scale Twenty-seven healthy flight crew as controls. Results Compared with the control group, insomnia group had longer sleep latency, less sleep time, and lower sleep efficiency (P <0.01). Subjective assessment of sleep latency, total sleep time and efficiency compared with the EEG recorded significant differences (P <0.05). Insomnia patients psychological defense mode (intermediate and immature defense factor sub-high, low cover factor), social support (all factors were lower than the control group) and other aspects of significant differences with the control group. Conclusion The sleep quality of insomnia group is lower than that of normal flight crew. There is a tendency of overvaluing sleep latency and underestimating sleep time, and the psychological defense mode is also flawed.