应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法同批对５０例乳腺癌患者，３０例乳腺腺瘤患者及４０例正常人的血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ２ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，ｓＩＬ２Ｒ）进行了检测。结果显示，乳腺癌患者的血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平明显高于乳腺腺瘤患者及正常对照组，统计学上具有极显著差异（Ｐ＜００１）；乳腺癌根治术后２０天的ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平较术前明显下降，与正常人群对照无明显差异（Ｐ＞００５），但术后７天的ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平下降不明显，与术前水平接近（Ｐ＞００５），乳腺癌患者的术前ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平与临床分期关系密切，Ⅲ期患者明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期者（Ｐ＜００１），而与病理类型无明显关系。上述结果提示，血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ测定可作为鉴别乳腺癌和乳腺良性肿物及判断乳腺癌病情、观察疗效的一项有价值的参考指标 The serum soluble interleukin2 receptor (sIL2R) in 50 patients with breast cancer, 30 patients with breast adenoma, and 40 normal subjects were treated with double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ) was tested. The results showed that serum sIL-2R levels in breast cancer patients were significantly higher than those in breast adenomas and normal controls, with statistically significant differences (P <0  01); 20 days after radical mastectomy for breast cancer sIL  2R The level was significantly lower than before surgery, and there was no significant difference between the control group and the normal population (P>005). However, the level of sIL-2R at the 7th day after surgery was not significantly decreased, and it was close to the preoperative level (P>005). The preoperative levels of sIL-2R in cancer patients were closely related to clinical stage. Patients in stage III were significantly higher than those in stages I and II (P<0.01), but had no significant relationship with pathological types. The above results suggest that serum sIL-2R assay can be used as a valuable reference to identify breast cancer and benign breast tumors, and to determine the status of breast cancer and observe the efficacy.