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一、前言人们已经认识到,以土的应力～应变关系为依据的分析土工问题的方法,在不久的将来,或许是土工建筑物设计和性态预测的最好方法。因此,土的应力～应变关系的量测也已经相应地得到重视。有少数研究单位已制造了象真三轴仪那样的、性能较好,但比较复杂的仪器来测定土的应力～应变关系。不过,到目前为止,应用最广的仍旧是三轴试验。早期三轴试验的目的,主要是测定土的抗剪强度和孔隙压力参数,在试验中,侧向压力不变,而轴向压力增大。对于这些试验来说,常用的量测试样应力和应变的方法尚能满足精度
I. Preface It has been recognized that the method of analyzing geotechnical problems based on the stress-strain relationship of soils may in the near future be the best method of geotechnical design and characterization. Therefore, the measurement of soil stress-strain relationship has also been given corresponding attention. A few research institutes have already produced the better-performing, but more complex, instruments such as true triaxial apparatus to determine the stress-strain relationship of soils. However, by far the most widely used are still triaxial tests. The purpose of the early triaxial test was to determine the shear strength and pore pressure parameters of the soil. In the test, the lateral pressure was unchanged and the axial pressure was increased. For these tests, the commonly used method of measuring stress and strain of a test specimen still satisfies the accuracy