致瘤病毒感染宿主后,相关的病毒蛋白通过“劫持”宿主细胞的生命机器,经历多阶段和涉及多因子的一系列复杂的转化和演变,最终导致细胞的癌变.在这一过程中,病毒因素始终与感染细胞微环境发生互作(包括细胞成分如免疫细胞、成纤维细胞等,以及非细胞成分如细胞因子等),从而促进感染细胞的免疫逃逸和肿瘤细胞的发生发展.本文以HPV、EBV、HBV为例,综述病毒蛋白影响肿瘤微环境的具体机制和最新研究进展,分析该领域面临的问题和前景. After the host virus infects the host, the associated viral proteins undergo a multitude of complex transformations and evolutions involving multiple factors and ultimately lead to the canceration of the cell through the “hijacking” of the host cell’s life machinery. , Viral factors always interact with the infected cell microenvironment (including cellular components such as immune cells, fibroblasts, etc., as well as non-cellular components such as cytokines, etc.), thereby promoting the immune escape of infected cells and tumor cell development. Taking HPV, EBV and HBV as an example, the specific mechanisms and the latest research progress of viral proteins affecting tumor microenvironment are reviewed, and the problems and prospects in this field are analyzed.