The discovery of activating mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and development of first-/second-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) againstEGFR sensitive mutations have contributed to a paradigm shift in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, drug resistance greatly limits the long-term e?cacy of EGFR-TKIs. Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, has shown efficacy not only in NSCLC patients who are resistant to first-and second-generation EGFR-TKIs but also in patients with central nervous system metastases. On November 21, 2019, the investigators of the FLAURA trial reported that the NSCLC patients withEGFR mutation who were treated with osimertinib had longer progression-free survival (PFS) than those treated with comparator EGFR-TKIs. However, the data maturity on overall survival (OS) was very low at the time of the primary analysis. In the latest report recently published inhTe New England Joal of Medicine, the FLAURA team reported the final results of the OS data. They found that first-line osimertinib was associated with significantly longer OS, as compared with comparator regimen, in treating patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.