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以北方城市雨雪径流削减控制为研究目标,通过构建SWMM雨雪径流模型对北方城市夏季降雨径流量和融雪径流量进行模拟。同时根据研究区气候特点和实际情况制定了符合研究区低影响开发(LID)绿色生态措施方案,通过加入简单式绿化屋顶、雨雪收集双用装置和下凹式绿地3种控制措施,模拟了组合绿色生态措施对研究区夏季降雨和春季融雪径流的削减以及对排水管网压力的缓解效果。结果表明:2016年5月24日、6月10日和7月18日3场实测降雨模拟的最大径流量分别为2.7、6.2和7.4 m~3·s~(-1),1、2、5、10年4种不同重现期降雨条件下的峰值流量分别为2.39、3.91、6.24和7.85 m~3·s~(-1);在融雪期,峰值流量出现在3月初。LID措施在雨季对削减峰值流量、延迟峰值时间和缓解排水压力具有很好的控制效果,削减率最高可达70%左右,而且通过加入雪收集装置,对春季融雪径流也有一定的控制效果。
Taking the reduction and control of rain, snow and runoff in northern cities as the research goal, summer rainfall runoff and snowmelt runoff in northern cities were simulated by constructing SWMM runoff and runoff models. At the same time, according to the climatic characteristics and actual situation in the study area, a scheme of LID green ecological measures was developed and three kinds of control measures including simple green roof, rain-snow collection dual-use unit and concave green space were simulated. The combination of green ecological measures reduced summer rainfall in summer and snowmelt runoff in spring and mitigation of drainage network pressure. The results show that the maximum runoff of the three simulated rainfall simulations on May 24, June 10 and July 18, 2016 are 2.7, 6.2 and 7.4 m ~ 3 · s -1, The peak flow rates of rainfall under four different recurrence periods in 5 and 10 years were 2.39, 3.91, 6.24 and 7.85 m ~ 3 · s -1, respectively. During the snowmelt period, the peak flow occurred in early March. The LID measures have very good control effects on reducing peak flow, delaying peak hours and relieving drainage pressure in the rainy season, with a reduction rate of up to 70%. By adding snow collection devices, the LID measures also have certain control effects on snowmelt runoff in spring.