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妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)系指妊娠期间首次发生或识别的糖耐量异常。GDM患者高血糖对妊娠妇女、胎儿和新生儿的负性影响将引起严重的母婴并发症。餐后血糖增高是GDM血糖控制差的重要表现,也是GDM代谢紊乱的最早期表现。研究发现控制餐后血糖尤其是餐后1h血糖水平可以有效改善妊娠结局,降低剖宫产率,减少巨大儿、大于胎龄儿及畸形儿的发病率,减少产伤。故GDM患者妊娠期监测餐后1h血糖水平可以用于指导饮食控制和胰岛素治疗剂量的调整。
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) refers to impaired glucose tolerance that first occurs or is identified during pregnancy. The negative effects of hyperglycemia on pregnant women, fetuses and newborns in GDM patients will cause serious maternal and infant complications. Postprandial hyperglycemia is an important manifestation of poor blood glucose control in GDM and is also the earliest manifestation of GDM metabolic disorders. The study found that the control of postprandial blood glucose, especially postprandial blood glucose levels 1h can effectively improve pregnancy outcomes, reduce cesarean section rate, reduce the incidence of macrosomia, greater than gestational age children and deformed children, reduce birth trauma. Therefore, GDM patients monitoring during pregnancy 1h postprandial blood glucose levels can be used to guide the diet control and insulin dose adjustment.