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本文结合安康水电站中孔坝段深层抗滑稳定试验实例,探讨了软弱夹层上混凝土坝抗滑稳定试验的原理和方法,叙述了有关试验技术问题.通过多组试验,给出了安康中孔坝段不同方案的抗滑稳定安全度,并对坝基软弱夹层处理方案提出了改进意见.随着水利事业的发展,在有软弱夹层的岩基上建造混凝土坝日益增多.按1975年初步统计,国内有此情况的大中型混凝土工程就有90余座.坝基存在软弱夹层对大坝的抗滑稳定带来很不利的影响,甚至威胁大坝的安全.因之,已是当前水工设计上急待解决的课题之一.目前在混凝土坝深层抗滑稳定的分析中,一般采用下述三种方法:刚体极限平衡法、有限单元法和结构模型试验法.第一种方法概念清楚,易于掌握、可以手算,故不论工程规模,均可用它计算;缺点是不能考虑岩体受力后所产生变形的影响.采用第二种方法可以标出地基受力后的应力及位移场,能够反映坝基软弱夹层内可能产生的局部破坏情况;但尚未能考虑夹层中材料的塑性及流变性,有时还受设计程序的合理性和计算机容量的制约.结构模型试验则可较好地解决复杂地基和三向整体抗滑稳定的问题,能给出坝基的应力位移情况,可直观地看出大坝失稳的过程,便于分析大坝的滑动破坏机理;其缺点是受模型材料的模拟正确性与外力作用的相似性的影响.三种方法各
Based on the example of deep anti-sliding stability test of Zhongkeng dam in Ankang Hydropower Station, this paper discusses the principle and method of anti-sliding stability test of concrete dam on soft interlayer, and describes the related technical problems of the test. Section of the program stability and stability of the anti-sliding, and the weak foundation of the dam foundation proposed solutions to improve the program .With the development of water conservancy, the construction of weak rock in the intercalation of the dam foundation is growing .According to preliminary statistics in 1975, domestic There are more than 90 large and medium-sized concrete works in this situation.The presence of weak interbeds in the dam foundation has a very adverse effect on the anti-sliding stability of the dam, and even threatens the dam’s safety.Thus, it is the current hydraulic design urgency At present, the following three methods are generally used in the analysis of the deep anti-sliding stability of concrete dams: rigid body limit equilibrium method, finite element method and structural model test method.The first method is clear and easy to grasp , So it can be calculated by hand, so it can be calculated regardless of the scale of the project. The disadvantage is that the deformation of the rock mass can not be considered. The second method can be used to mark the foundation The stress and displacement field after the force can reflect the possible local damage in the weak foundation of the dam foundation. However, the plasticity and rheology of the material in the interlayer can not be considered, and the rationality of the design procedure and the capacity of the computer are sometimes limited. The model test can solve the problem of complex foundation and three-way overall anti-sliding stability well, and can give the stress-displacement of the dam foundation. The instability process of the dam can be visually observed and the sliding failure mechanism of the dam can be easily analyzed. The disadvantage is that it is affected by the analogy of model material simulation and external forces.