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目的分析四川省阿坝藏羌自治州藏、羌和汉族儿童少年的骨量状况,为西部少数民族地区儿童青少年生长发育的研究提供依据。方法用双能X线前臂骨密度测量仪(pDEXA)测量1822名7～19岁藏、羌、汉族男女学生前臂远端1/10处和近端1/3处尺骨和桡骨(Dist.R+U,Prox.R+U)以及近端1/10处桡骨(Prox.R)的骨矿物密度(BMD)、骨矿物含量(BMC)、骨面积(BA)。结果11,16,18岁女生和12,16,17岁男生的前臂骨量各项指标民族间差别无统计学意义;其他多个年龄段,藏族学生前臂远端骨量(特别是9～12岁男生Dist.R+UBMD及Dist.R+UBMC)、前臂近端骨面积(Prox.R+UBA)和近端桡骨骨面积(Prox.RBA)显著高于汉族和羌族;羌族学生骨量水平处于藏族和汉族之间;汉族13岁女生Dist.R+UBA和Prox.RBMD显著高于本族同龄男生,羌族11岁女生Prox.R+UBMC和Prox.RBMC以及11,12岁女生Dist.R+UBA显著高于本族同龄男生,藏族15岁女生Dist.R+UBA显著高于本族同龄男生,在其他年龄段各项骨量指标均为男生大于或等于女生。不同民族出现骨量性别差异的年龄不尽相同;男生在13～18岁、女生在11～16岁,Prox.R+UBMD增长幅度明显大于Dist.R+UBMD。结论四川藏、羌、汉族儿童青少年骨量存在差异,是否为遗传因素起作用尚需进一步深入研究。
Objective To analyze the bone mass status of Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationality children and juveniles in Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qa Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, and to provide basis for the study on the growth and development of children and adolescents in minority areas of Western China. Methods 1822 African male and female male and female students at the distal and distal ends of 1/10 and 1/3 of the forearm were measured with the dual energy X-ray forearm bone mineral density meter (pDEXA) U, Prox.R + U) and Prox.R bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone area (BA). Results There was no significant difference in the indexes of forearm bone mass among 11,16,18-year-old girls and 12,16,17-year-old boys. In other age groups, the distal forearm bone mass of Tibetan students (especially 9-12 Year old boys Dist.R + UBMD and Dist.R + UBMC), proximal forearm bone area (Prox.R + UBA) and proximal radius bone area (Prox.RBA) were significantly higher than those of Han and Qiang nationalities Dist.R + UBA and Prox.RBMD were significantly higher in Han nationality than in their native boys, Prox.R + UBMC and Prox.RBMC in 11-year-old girls from Qiang ethnic group, and Dist.R girls in 11- and 12-year-old girls + UBA was significantly higher than that of their own boys of same age. The Dist.R + UBA of 15-year-old girl of Tibetan ethnic group was significantly higher than that of native boys of their same age. The bone mass index of other age groups were all boys greater than or equal to girls. The differences in bone mass among different ethnic groups are not the same for different ages. For boys aged 13 to 18 and girls aged 11 to 16 years, Prox.R + UBMD increased significantly more than Dist.R + UBMD. Conclusion There are differences in the bone mass among children and adolescents in Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationalities in Sichuan Province. Whether they play a genetic role needs to be further studied.