论文部分内容阅读
微菌核是大丽轮枝菌在土壤中的主要存活结构和初侵染源,在土壤中可存活14年之久,其数量及存活状况直接影响着大丽轮枝菌型黄萎病的发生为害程度。以棉花黄萎病菌Verticillium dahliae XJ2008菌株为试材,研究了微菌核萌发的最佳条件、致死温度及土壤温度对微菌核存活的影响。结果表明,20℃、pH8.0是微菌核萌发的最佳条件。大丽轮枝菌微菌核具有很强的耐高温特性,随着处理时间的延长,微菌核的萌发率呈下降趋势,在55℃及以上处理时其萌发率下降迅速,而在50℃及以下处理时其萌发率下降相对较慢,在55℃处理360min可使微菌核完全致死,而在40℃、45℃和50℃处理1,440min,仍然有少量的微菌核存活,但其萌发率随着时间的推移呈下降趋势。土壤微菌核模拟试验结果表明,土壤温度对微菌核有很强的致死作用,40℃条件下处理4d后土壤中的微菌核已全部死亡。该研究结果为通过覆膜增温防治作物黄萎病提供了理论依据。
Micronuclear is the main living structure and primary infection source of Verticillium dahliae in soil, which can survive in the soil for 14 years. The quantity and the survival status of Verticillium dahliae directly affect Verticillium dahliae Verticillium wilt Degree of harm. The Verticillium dahliae XJ2008 strain was used to study the effects of optimum conditions, lethal temperature and soil temperature on the viability of Mycobacterium. The results showed that 20 ℃, pH8.0 is the best condition for the spore germination. The microbe core of Verticillium dahliae has a strong high temperature resistance. With the extension of treatment time, the germination rate of the microbe nucleus showed a decreasing trend. The germination rate of the microbe nucleus decreased rapidly at 55 ℃ and above, And its germination rate decreased relatively slowly when treated at 360 ℃ for 360min. However, the number of mycobackers still died after being treated at 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 50 ℃ for 1,440min. However, Germination rate decreased with time. Soil microscopic nuclear test results show that the soil temperature has a strong lethal effect on the bacteria nucleus. After 40 days of treatment, all the bacteria nuclei in the soil have died. The results provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of crop Verticillium wilt by warming the film.