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目的建立模拟高原条件下大鼠实验性开放性颅脑创伤的动物模型。方法用动物低压氧舱模拟高原环境,民用射钉枪射击建立大鼠实验性开放性颅脑创伤动物模型,分别于伤后各时相点观察动物行为学、病理学、听觉脑干诱发电位和脑含水量等结果,了解模型建立的稳定性和可重复性。结果高原致伤组与平原致伤组均存在:①不同程度的颅脑创伤表现;②神经元细胞核、尼氏体和细胞器出现不同程度的损伤及缺血改变;③脑水肿;④伤后早期存在脑干抑制。两组比较,高原致伤组上述结果更严重,持续时间更长,本实验制备的开放性颅脑创伤动物模型,伤情稳定,可重复性好。结论本实验制备的动物模型,成功地模拟高原条件下大鼠低速低能投射物所致的开放性颅脑创伤动物模型。
Objective To establish an animal model of experimental open brain injury in rats under simulated plateau conditions. Methods The animal model of experimental open brain injury was established by animal hypobaric oxygen chamber simulating plateau environment and shooting with civil nail gun. The animal behavior, pathology, auditory brainstem response and Brain water content and other results, understand the stability of the model established and repeatability. Results There were significant differences between the groups of injury in the plateau and those in the group of plains injury: (1) varying degrees of traumatic brain injury; (2) varying degrees of injury and ischemia in the nucleus, Nissl body and organelles of the neurons; (3) cerebral edema; (4) Brainstem suppression exists. Compared with the two groups, the above-mentioned results of the plateau injury group were more serious and lasted longer. The animal model of open brain injury prepared in this study had stable injury and good repeatability. Conclusion The animal model prepared in this experiment successfully simulated the open brain injury model induced by low-speed and low-energy projectile in rats at high altitude.