作为刑事特别救济程序,再审程序的功能定位并非探求案件的事实真相、纠正原审裁判的任何错误,而是应当限制重复追诉,救济遭受错误审判的被追诉人。然而“纠错型再审”的功能定位导致我国刑事再审程序表现出启动“恣意化”的制度特征,进而引发再审不利被追诉人倾向的制度风险。我国刑事再审程序的功能定位应当实现从“纠错型再审”到“救济型再审”的转型,具体应当遵循从顶层理念转变到制度设计规范这一自上而下、逐步完善的路径。 As a special criminal relief procedure, the functional orientation of the retrial procedure is not to search the truth of the case, correct any errors in the original trial trial, but to restrain repeated prosecutions and rescue the accused who have suffered wrong trial. However, the functional orientation of “error-correction-type retrial” led to the fact that the criminal retrial procedure in our country showed the institutional characteristics of starting “unbridled” and further triggered the system risk that retrial would tend to disadvantage the prosecutors. The functional orientation of the criminal retrial procedure in our country should be transformed from “error correction retrial ” to “relief retrial ”, which should be followed from top-level concept to system design standard, which should be gradually improved from top to bottom path.