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回旋加速器的原理和意义,并利用原理解决相关问题.增大加速电压或微粒的核质比增大,能使一个带电粒子获得很大的速度(能量),但所占的空间范围大.能不能在较小的范围内实现多级加速呢?因此人们创造出回旋加速器.回旋加速器的构造:两个D形金属盒,粒子源,半径为R_D,大型电磁铁,高频振荡交变电压U.回旋加速器是产生大量高能量的带电粒子的实验设备.交变电压的周期与带电粒子做匀速圆周运动的周期相等.高频交流电源的周期与带电粒子在D形盒中运动的周期相同是加速条件.回旋加速器的优点是体积小,缺点是粒子的能量不会很高.高频考点:回旋加速器中的D形金属盒,它的作用是静电屏蔽.带电粒子从电场中获得能量,做题过程中注意应用公式推导和运算.
The principle and significance of the cyclotron, and the use of principles to solve the relevant issues. Increase the accelerating voltage or the increase of the particle-to-particle ratio, can make a charged particle get a lot of speed (energy), but the space occupied by the large. Can not achieve a multi-level acceleration in a smaller range? So people create a cyclotron. Cyclotron structure: two D-shaped metal box, particle source, radius R_D, large electromagnet, high-frequency oscillation alternating voltage U A cyclotron is an experimental device that generates a large amount of charged particles with high energy. The period of the alternating voltage is equal to the period in which the charged particles make a uniform circular motion. The period of the high frequency AC power source is the same as the period of motion of the charged particles in the D-box. Accelerating conditions. The advantage of a cyclotron is its small size. The disadvantage is that the energy of the particles is not very high. High frequency test point: D-shaped metal box in the cyclotron, its role is electrostatic shielding. Charged particles get energy from the electric field, do Pay attention to the application of formula derivation and operation.