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目的对四个媒体报道“癌症高发村”所在县(区)的恶性肿瘤死亡率水平和变化趋势开展分析,以进一步佐证媒体报道信息的真实性和可靠性。方法利用1973-1975年全国第一次死因回顾调查数据,以及2004-2005年全国第三次死因回顾抽样调查数据,描述四个县(区)恶性肿瘤死亡率及变化趋势。结果河南省浚县是历史高发区,目前恶性肿瘤死亡仍然高发,平均每年比全国水平多死74例恶性肿瘤;而安徽省阜阳市颍东区、河南省沈丘县和湖北省应城市,历史上不属于恶性肿瘤高发地区,过去30多年,三县(区)恶性肿瘤死亡率大幅度上升,上升幅度分别是全国平均水平的9.27、7.14、2.71倍,恶性肿瘤超额死亡率分别为每10万人43、40、52例;四个县(区)的高发肿瘤主要集中在消化道肿瘤,包括食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌等,聚集性分析发现这四个县(区)均有一些恶性肿瘤在一些村落存在明显的聚集性。结论四个县(区)恶性肿瘤标化死亡率均超过全国水平的40%,属于恶性肿瘤高死亡地区。四个县(区)的高发肿瘤主要集中在消化道肿瘤,且均有一些恶性肿瘤存在村落聚集性,部分聚集村落与媒体报道的“癌症高发村”相符合。
Objective To analyze the level and trend of malignant tumor mortality in four media reports and counties (districts) with high incidence of cancer in order to further substantiate the authenticity and reliability of the information reported by the media. Methods The data of the first retrospective investigation of the cause of death from 1973 to 1975 and the data of the third retrospective sample of death from 2004 to 2005 were used to describe the malignant tumor mortality rate and trend of changes in four counties. Results Junxian County, Henan Province, was a high-incidence area. At present, the death rate of malignant tumors is still high, with an average of 74 more cases of malignant tumors than the national average each year. In Yingdong District of Fuyang City of Anhui Province, Shenqiu County of Henan Province and Yingcheng City of Hubei Province, Not belong to the high incidence of malignant tumors in the past 30 years, the three counties (districts) of malignant tumor mortality increased by 9.27,7.14,2.71 times the national average, respectively, the excess mortality of malignant tumors per 100,000 people 43, 40 and 52 cases. The high-incidence tumors in four counties (districts) mainly focused on gastrointestinal tumors, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer. Aggregation analysis showed that there were some cases in these four counties Malignant tumors in some villages there is a clear aggregation. Conclusion The standardized death rates of malignant tumors in four counties (districts) all exceeded 40% of the national level, which belonged to the high death area of malignant tumors. High-incidence tumors in four counties (districts) mainly focus on digestive tract tumors, and some malignant tumors are clustered in villages. Part of the clustered villages are in line with the “high incidence village of cancer” reported by the media.