论文部分内容阅读
中国可持续发展有关水的严峻问题包括:干旱(干旱指数>7)占国土面积26.6%,半干旱带(干旱指数3—7)占国土面积20.9%;水土流失面积约占国土的38%,平均每年增加约1万km~2;土地荒漠化面积约占国土的27.3%,涉及18省、400县,并以每年2460km~2的速率在发展;作为水资源主要指标的河川迳流量为世界第6位,人均占有量为世界的1/4;大气和水污染造成的直接经济损失占GDP的4%-8%;生物多样性因而被严重破坏,生存受到威胁的动植物种类达15%-20%。
Severe water issues related to sustainable development in China include: 26.6% of the total land area in the drought (drought index> 7), 20.9% of the land area in the semi-arid zone (3-7 drought index), 38% of the soil erosion area, An average annual increase of about 10000 km ~ 2; land desertification area accounts for about 27.3% of the territory, involving 18 provinces, 400 counties, and the annual rate of 2460km ~ 2 development; as the main indicator of water resources, 6, 1/4 of the world average per capita; direct economic loss due to air and water pollution accounts for 4% -8% of GDP; biodiversity is severely damaged and species of animals and plants that threaten survival are up to 15% 20%.