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目的：探讨人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）与食管鳞状细胞癌的关系。方法：采用多重引物多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）和免疫组化技术，对１０４例食管鳞癌进行ＨＰＶＤＮＡ和病毒癌基因Ｅ６蛋白检测。结果：ＨＰＶＤＮＡ阳性者占５０．９６％（５３／１０４），其中ＨＰＶ１６型ＤＮＡ４９．０６％（２６／５３），ＨＰＶ１８型ＤＮＡ５．６％（３／５３），ＨＰＶ６／１１ＤＮＡ７．５％（４／５３）；两个或三个类型的混合感染占３７．７３％（２０／５３）。Ｅ６蛋白阳性５６例（５３．８４％），以低分化鳞癌表达强度最高。结论：提示新疆地区食管鳞状细胞癌中ＨＰＶ有较高的感染率，ＨＰＶ１６、Ｅ６蛋白在食管鳞癌的发生发展过程中具有重要的作用
Objective: To investigate the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: A total of 104 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were tested for HPV DNA and viral oncogene E6 using multiplex primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Results: 50.96% (53/104) were positive for HPV DNA, of which HPV16 DNA was 49.06% (26/53), HPV18 DNA was 5.6% (3/53), and HPV6/11 DNA was 7.5% (4/ 53); Two or three types of mixed infection accounted for 37.73% (20/53). 56 cases of E6 protein were positive (53.84%), and the expression intensity was the highest in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: It is suggested that HPV has a higher infection rate in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Xinjiang, and HPV16 and E6 proteins play an important role in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.