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信息技术改变了全球经济,并超乎想象地把人和市场连接在一起。然而,在数字经济一派繁荣之下,是数字鸿沟的客观存在。数字鸿沟是指因教育水准、经济状况、地域、种族、身体条件等不同而造成对数字化技术掌握和运用的差异,从而导致不同群体创造财富能力的差异。因贫困、残疾或其他“排斥性”因素而不能适应数字技术迅速发展的人,往往被排斥在日益崛起的数字经济之外,形成新的弱势群体。美国将数字鸿沟看作是对可持续发展的信息社会的一种威胁,因此努力制定相关国策,保护弱势群体的信息权利,成为美国国家的一项战略任务。
Information technology has transformed the global economy and unimagined people and the market together. However, under the prosperity of the digital economy, it is an objective reality of the digital divide. The digital divide refers to differences in the mastery and application of digital technologies due to differences in educational standards, economic status, geography, ethnicity and physical conditions, which lead to differences in the ability of different groups to create wealth. People who are unable to adapt to the rapid development of digital technologies due to poverty, disability or other “exclusion” factors are often excluded from the rising digital economy and form new vulnerable groups. The United States regards the digital divide as a threat to the sustainable development of the information society. Therefore, efforts to formulate relevant national policies and protect the information rights of the disadvantaged groups have become a strategic task for the U.S. state.