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美国的刑事诉讼无时无刻不体现着“控辩双方平等武装、平等对抗,法院居中裁断”的精神。犯罪嫌疑人与他人分享住宅的事实意味着该特定空间内的所有权益均可由任意一方处分;第三人同意警方搜查有罪证据是犯罪嫌疑人必须承担的风险。犯罪嫌疑人的反对不具有实质意义,共同权利人的同意足以满足宪法的标准;与他人共享住宅的事实限定了犯罪嫌疑人主张个人隐私的实际范围。
The criminal proceedings in the United States all the time reflect the spirit of “equal arms and equal confrontation between the prosecution and the defense, and the court’s determination of the center”. The fact that the suspect shares the dwelling with others means that all the interests in the particular space can be punished by either party. The third person agrees that the police search the guilty evidence as the suspect must bear the risk. The objection of the suspect has no substantive meaning and the consent of the common proprietor suffices to meet the constitutional standards. The fact of sharing the house with others limits the actual scope of the suspect’s claim of personal privacy.