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在大型海底热液硫化物矿体内部,海水与热液流体的混合过程在热液硫化物矿体的形成过程中扮演着重要角色,与之相关的一些科学问题,例如热液活动区不同性质热液流体之间的关系,热液硫化物矿体的化学组成和矿物组合特征及其控制因素等,成为近年来海底热液活动调查研究的重要内容.利用数值模拟方法,结合TAG区热液流体化学组成的实测资料,模拟了经过不同程度改造的海水同热液流体之间的混合过程,在此基础上探讨了TAG热液活动区黑、白烟囱流体之间的关系和硬石膏的沉淀机制.模拟计算结果表明:①海水的加热和海水与热液流体的混合是控制TAG区硬石膏沉淀的两个重要过程.②下渗海水被加热应该不会高于150℃,而热液端员流体的最高温度则应该高于400℃.③提出了TAG区热液硫化物矿体内部流体的演化模式:海水在下渗过程中被围岩加热,加热海水与热液端员流体发生混合,混合流体经过传导降温和上升过程喷出海底形成白烟囱或者温度较低的黑烟囱.另外一部分热液端员流体未与下渗海水发生混合,经传导降温过程喷出海底形成喷溢高温热液流体的黑烟囱.
In the large seafloor hydrothermal sulfide ore body, the mixing process of seawater and hydrothermal fluids plays an important role in the formation of hydrothermal sulfide ore bodies. Some related scientific problems, such as the different nature of hydrothermal activity zone The relationship between hydrothermal fluids, the chemical composition and mineral assemblage of hydrothermal sulfide ore bodies and their controlling factors, etc., become an important part of investigation and research on seafloor hydrothermal activity in recent years.Using numerical simulation methods, The experimental data of the chemical composition of the fluid are used to simulate the mixing process of the seawater and hydrothermal fluid which have been modified to some extent. Based on this, the relationship between the black and white chimney fluid in TAG hydrothermal activity zone and the precipitation of anhydrite Mechanism.The simulation results show that: ① seawater heating and the mixing of seawater and hydrothermal fluids are two important processes to control the precipitation of anhydrite in TAG area. ② The infiltration of seawater should not be heated above 150 ℃, The maximum temperature of fluid should be higher than 400 ℃. (3) The evolution pattern of fluid inside the TAG hydrothermal sulfide ore body is proposed: the seawater is heated by the surrounding rock during the infiltration process, heat seawater and heat The liquid end of the fluid mixing occurs, the mixed fluid cooling and rising through the process of the formation of white smoke emitted seabed or chimney lower temperature. Another part of the hydrothermal end of the fluid did not mix with the infiltration of seawater, the process of spraying the cooling process Seabed to form high temperature hot liquid fluid jet black chimney.