目的探讨输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石的疗效。方法总结输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗36例40侧输尿管结石的患者临床资料。结果40侧输尿管结石中37侧治疗成功,碎石成功率92.5%(37/40)。术中出现输尿管穿孔1例(2.5%),留置双J管引流治愈,无输尿管黏膜撕脱、周围脏器损伤等严重并发症。结论输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石疗效确切,创伤小,安全,可以作为输尿管中、下段结石首选治疗方法。 Objective To investigate the efficacy of ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi. Methods The clinical data of 36 patients with 40-sided ureteral calculi treated by ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy were summarized. Results Forty sides of ureteral calculi in 37 sides were successfully treated with a success rate of 92.5% (37/40). Intraoperative ureter perforation occurred in 1 case (2.5%), indwelling double J tube drainage cure, no ureteral mucosal avulsion, the surrounding organ damage and other serious complications. Conclusion ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy ureteral calculi curative effect is exact, less trauma, safety, can be used as the first and the lower ureteral calculi treatment.