自1911年超导电性被发现以来,已经有六十几年的历史了。现在全世界都很重视超导电性的研究工作,实际上它已经成为固体物理一个重要而独立的领域了。六十年来,尤其是近十年来,超导电性已得到了许多重要的实际应用。 虽然超导电性是极低温下(一般在液氦温度)发生的现象,使之获得应用要花费一定的致冷代价,但是,即使这样在某些应用中 It has been sixty years since the superconductivity was discovered in 1911. Now the world attaches great importance to the research of superconductivity, in fact it has become an important and independent field of solid state physics. For sixty years, especially in the last ten years, many important practical applications have been made of superconductivity. Although superconductivity is a phenomenon that occurs at cryogenic temperatures (typically at liquid helium temperatures), it costs a certain amount of refrigeration for its use, but even in some applications