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目的分析儿童药物不良反应发生情况和危害,促进儿科临床合理用药。方法对我院2009年以来至今收集上报的62例药品不良反应资料进行回顾性分析和评价。结果所有发生不良反应的患儿中,年龄<1个月的患儿7例(11.29%),>1个月至≤1岁的18例(29.03%),>1岁至≤3岁的15例(24.19%),>3岁至≤6岁的12例(19.35%),>7岁至≤14岁的10例(16.14%)。所有引发不良反应的药物共6类,依次为抗菌药物27例(59.68%),止泻药13例(20.97%)、止咳药10例(16.13%)、生物制品6例(9.67%)、解热镇痛药4例(6.45%)以及中成药2例(3.20%)。给药途径:静脉给药56例(90.32%),口服6例(9.67%)。皮肤及附件最常被不良反应所累及,其次是消化系统,依次为呼吸系统、中枢及神经系统和注射部位。结论 >1个月至≤1岁年龄段的婴幼儿不良反应发生率较高,大多由于静脉注射抗菌药物所引发,加强儿童不良反应的监测,避免和减少儿科用药不良反应的发生。
Objective To analyze the situation and harm of children’s adverse drug reactions and to promote the rational use of pediatric medicine. Methods A retrospective analysis and evaluation of 62 adverse drug reactions data collected and reported in our hospital since 2009 was made. Results Among all the children who had adverse reactions, 7 (11.29%) patients aged less than 1 month, 18 (29.03%)> 1 months to ≤1 years and 15 (24.19%), 12 (19.35%)> 3 years old and ≤6 years old, and 10 cases (16.14%)> 7 years old and ≤14 years old. All the drugs that caused adverse reactions were classified into 6 categories, followed by antibiotics in 27 cases (59.68%), antidiarrheal drugs in 13 cases (20.97%), cough medicine in 10 cases (16.13%) and biological products in 6 cases (9.67% 4 cases of analgesics (6.45%) and 2 cases of proprietary Chinese medicines (3.20%). Route of administration: intravenous administration of 56 cases (90.32%), oral 6 cases (9.67%). Skin and appendages were most commonly affected by adverse reactions, followed by the digestive system, followed by the respiratory system, central nervous system, and the injection site. Conclusion The incidence of adverse reactions in infants and young children between 1 month and ≤1 years old is high. Most of them are caused by intravenous antibiotics, which can strengthen the monitoring of adverse reactions in children and avoid or reduce the adverse reactions of pediatric medication.