目的　探讨小儿重肾的诊断及治疗。方法　对我院 1989～ 2 0 0 1年收治的 3 1例小儿重肾进行回顾性分析。结果　 3 1例中有 2 3例患儿接受 2 6次手术 ,有 16例行上半重肾及输尿管切除 ,其中有 2例须处理输尿管残端及盲袋所致的梗阻。 2 2例手术后恢复较好 ,仅 1例伴有轻度的尿失禁。结论　对于重肾伴肾积水或发育不良所致的各种临床表现应首先考虑做上半肾及输尿管大部切除术。B超、CT及静脉肾盂造影术 (IVP)对诊断分型有意义。 Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric severe kidney. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 31 children with pediatric kidney treated in our hospital from 1989 to 2001. Results Twenty-three of the 31 patients received 26 surgeries. Sixteen patients underwent upper-half renal and ureterotomy. Two of them had to be treated with ureteral stumps and blind bags. 2 2 cases recovered well after operation, only 1 case had mild urinary incontinence. Conclusion For severe kidney disease associated with hydronephrosis or dysplasia due to various clinical manifestations should be considered to do the top half of the kidney and ureter resection. B ultrasound, CT and intravenous pyelography (IVP) of the diagnostic typing is meaningful.