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语言计划(Language Planning)是社会语言学中的一门新兴学科,近年来在国外有较大发展。它研究的范围相当广泛。一般地说,它是这样一门理论性学科:即研究如何科学地使用、控制语言,以使语言更好地满足社会需要或适应社会结构。世界各地的语言计划活动已有几百年的历史,然而对这一活动的理论性的探讨,在前几十年才开始。近十多年来,国外社会语言学家对语言计划的各种不同对象和各种不同类型,进行了分析和讨论,对语言计划的过程、价值,对语言计划过程中遇到的问题及解决这些问题的途径,发表了许多文章,对语言计划机构及其职能进行了分类。莫舍·纳希尔这篇文章对世界各地官方的语言计划研究机构几个世纪以来的活动内容和范围作了归纳,进行了分类。它概括地反映了几个世纪以来世界各国语言计划及其研究的情况,对我国当前的文字改革和汉语规范工作有一定参考价值。
Language Planning is a new discipline in social linguistics. In recent years, it has made great progress abroad. The scope of its research is quite extensive. In general, it is a theoretical discipline that studies how to use and control language scientifically in order to make the language better meet the needs of society or adapt to social structures. Language planning activities around the world have been hundreds of years old, but the theoretical discussion of this activity did not start until a few decades ago. In the past decade or so, foreign social linguists have analyzed and discussed various objects and different types of language programs, and have analyzed and discussed the process and value of language programs and the problems encountered in the process of language planning Avenues for these questions, many articles published, classification of language planning agencies and their functions. Moshe Nasir This article summarizes and classifies the content and scope of activities of official linguistic research institutes throughout the world for centuries. It summarizes the plans of the various countries in the world for centuries and their research situation, and has certain reference value for the current reform of the Chinese characters and Chinese norms.