本文报告浙江西部山区病残儿童148例(为1986～1990年我县独生子女中检出),发病率为8.5‰,男:女为33:1,89％为农村儿童。先天性疾病68例(45.9)％,继发性病残25例(16.9％),其他56例(37.8％).先天性疾病包括先天性心脏病19例,眼视疾患10例,肢体骨骼畸形9例,脑脊膜膨出5例,先天性耳聋6例,唇腭裂、隐睾、单耳缺如、尿道畸形、愚型、二性畸形等19例。继发性病残包括外伤后肢体残废7例,瘫痪(灰髓炎、脑炎、惊厥后脑损伤、外伤后脑萎缩所致)6例,外伤后单眼失明5例,耳聋4例(链霉素所致2例),感染性骨病致残2例,肺心病1例。其他疾病包括:智力低下31例,其中合并癫痫5 This paper reports 148 cases of disabled children in western mountainous areas of Zhejiang Province (from 1986 to 1990, the only child detected in my county), the incidence was 8.5 ‰, male and female 33: 1, 89% of rural children. Sixty-eight cases (45.9%) had congenital diseases, 25 cases (16.9%) had secondary disability, and 56 cases (37.8%) had congenital diseases including 19 cases of congenital heart disease, 10 cases of ocular disorders and 9 cases of limb skeletal deformities Cases, encephalocele in 5 cases, 6 cases of congenital deafness, cleft lip and palate, cryptorchidism, missing a single ear, urethral deformity, stupid, gender deformity in 19 cases. Secondary disability included limb disability after trauma in 7 cases, paralysis (gray-haemitis, encephalitis, post-convulsive brain injury, traumatic brain atrophy caused by 6 cases), traumatic monocular blindness in 5 cases, deafness in 4 cases (streptomycin-induced 2 cases), infective bone disease disability in 2 cases, 1 case of pulmonary heart disease. Other diseases include: mental retardation in 31 cases, including epilepsy 5