目的用实验研究法评估疟疾行为干预措施的效果,为进一步制定疟疾的预防与干预措施提供科学依据。方法使用自编量表,对干预组、对照组劳务人员的疟疾相关知识、态度及行为进行自填式问卷调查,并统计疟疾发病率,对同一类人群的行为进行干预前后的测量。结果干预组疟疾知识知晓率(95.3%)明显高于对照组(73.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);干预组疟疾预防和治疗的态度正确率均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);干预组疟疾相关防护行为正确率(77.1%)明显高于对照组(58.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组的发病率为25.4%,干预组的发病率为12.2%。结论针对出国劳务人群应进一步加强健康教育、行为干预,建议口岸检验检疫部门与地方卫生部门共同商议制定防控境外输入性疟疾的政策措施。 Objective To evaluate the effect of malaria behavioral interventions by experimental research and provide a scientific basis for the further development of malaria prevention and intervention measures. Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to survey malaria-related knowledge, attitude and behaviors among intervention workers and control workers. The incidence of malaria was calculated, and the behavior of the same type of people was measured before and after intervention. Results The awareness rate of malaria knowledge in the intervention group (95.3%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (73.3%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); the correct rate of malaria prevention and treatment in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.01). The correct rate of malaria-related protective behaviors in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (77.1% vs 58.8%, P <0.01). The incidence of the control group was 25.4%, the incidence of intervention group was 12.2%. Conclusion In order to further improve health education and behavioral interventions for overseas workers, it is suggested that the inspection and quarantine authorities at ports and local health departments jointly negotiate and formulate policies and measures to prevent and control imported malaria abroad.