近代中国政治和政治思想的主流是借鉴西方的经验和做法在中国建立民主政治 ,“民”在这样的历史过程中受到了前所未有的关注。传统的重民思想或以民为本的政治原则成为思想家们构建其政治理想时着意挖掘的资源 ,呼吁“重民”成为一种时代潮流。有趣的是 ,“民”在这个潮流演进中 ,逐渐由被倚重的对象转化为广受批判的目标。由重民向改造国民性思潮的演化 ,从一个侧面记录了“民”进入政治系统的历史轨迹 ,反映了君权的逐步衰退和国民在社会转型中所扮演角色的转换 In modern China, the mainstream of political and political thought is to draw on the experience and practices of the West for the establishment of democratic politics in China. The “people” have received unprecedented attention in this historical process. Traditional people-centered politics or people-centered political principles have become the resources deliberately sought by thinkers when building their political ideals. They call for “reinserting the people” into a trend of the times. What is interesting is that in the evolution of this trend, “people” have been gradually transformed from being relied upon to the widely-criticized goal. The evolution of nationalistic ideological trend from heavy democratization to national characterization recorded the historical trajectory of “people” entering the political system from one aspect and reflected the gradual decline of the monarchical power and the conversion of the role played by the nationals in the social transformation