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目的 探讨氟对鸡甲状腺组织结构的影响。方法 选用 2 5 0只 1日龄蛋鸡 ,随机分为 5组 ,每组 5 0只 ,饲喂相同的全价日粮。第 1组为对照组 ,第 2 ,3,4,5组在日粮中添加不同水平的氟化钠 ,使日粮中氟含量分别为 5 0 0 ,10 0 0 ,15 0 0 ,2 0 0 0 mg/kg,实验期 15 0 d。每 30 d采集 1次样品 ,测定血清中氟含量 ,制作甲状腺组织切片 ,称量甲状腺重量 ,观察鸡的临床表现。结果 成功地复制出了不同程度的鸡慢性氟中毒模型。在早期 ,各氟中毒组鸡甲状腺的相对重量均不同程度地低于对照组 ,甲状腺滤泡面积减小 ,胶质减少。中后期 ,则均不同程度地高于对照组 ,滤泡直径和面积增大 ,胶质过度充盈 ,并出现由滤泡旁细胞组成的增生性结节。结论 氟化物对甲状腺的组织结构产生了严重的破坏作用 ,在早期引起鸡甲状腺萎缩 ,中后期则致甲状腺呈胶质性、结节性肿大。
Objective To investigate the effect of fluoride on the histology of chicken thyroid. Methods 250 laying hens of 1 day old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 50 rats in each group and fed the same full price ration. The first group was the control group, and the second, the third, the fifth, and the fifth groups added different levels of sodium fluoride in the diet so that the fluorine content in the diet was respectively 500, 100, 150, 20 0 0 mg / kg, the experimental period 15 0 d. Samples were taken every 30 days, the serum content of fluorine was measured, thyroid tissue sections were made, the thyroid weights were weighed, and the clinical manifestations of the chickens were observed. The results successfully replicated a different degree of chickens with chronic fluorosis model. In the early stage, the relative weights of the chicken thyroid glands in each fluorosis group were all lower than those in the control group to varying degrees, and the thyroid follicular area was reduced and the glia reduced. In the middle and later stages, the diameters of the follicles and the area of the follicles were increased to a greater degree than those of the control group, and the glial was over-filled, and proliferative nodules composed of parafollicular cells appeared. Conclusion Fluoride has a serious damaging effect on the thyroid tissue structure, causing chicken thyroid atrophy in the early stage and causing glial and nodular swelling in the middle and late stages.